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coder/proxmox-vm/Readme.md
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coder/proxmox-vm/Readme.md
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---
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display_name: Proxmox VM
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description: Provision VMs on Proxmox VE as Coder workspaces
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icon: ../../../../.icons/proxmox.svg
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verified: false
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tags: [proxmox, vm, cloud-init, qemu]
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---
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# Proxmox VM Template for Coder
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Provision Linux VMs on Proxmox as [Coder workspaces](https://coder.com/docs/workspaces). The template clones a cloud‑init base image, injects user‑data via Snippets, and runs the Coder agent under the workspace owner's Linux user.
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## Prerequisites
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- Proxmox VE 8/9
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- Proxmox API token with access to nodes and storages
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- SSH access from Coder provisioner to Proxmox VE
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- Storage with "Snippets" content enabled
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- Ubuntu cloud‑init image/template on Proxmox
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- Latest images: https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/ ([source](https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/))
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## Prepare a Proxmox Cloud‑Init Template (once)
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Run on the Proxmox node. This uses a RELEASE variable so you always pull a current image.
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```bash
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# Choose a release (e.g., jammy or noble)
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RELEASE=jammy
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IMG_URL="https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/${RELEASE}/current/${RELEASE}-server-cloudimg-amd64.img"
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IMG_PATH="/var/lib/vz/template/iso/${RELEASE}-server-cloudimg-amd64.img"
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# Download cloud image
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wget "$IMG_URL" -O "$IMG_PATH"
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# Create base VM (example ID 999), enable QGA, correct boot order
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NAME="ubuntu-${RELEASE}-cloudinit"
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qm create 999 --name "$NAME" --memory 4096 --cores 2 \
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--net0 virtio,bridge=vmbr0 --agent enabled=1
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qm set 999 --scsihw virtio-scsi-pci
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qm importdisk 999 "$IMG_PATH" local-lvm
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qm set 999 --scsi0 local-lvm:vm-999-disk-0
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qm set 999 --ide2 local-lvm:cloudinit
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qm set 999 --serial0 socket --vga serial0
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qm set 999 --boot 'order=scsi0;ide2;net0'
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# Enable Snippets on storage 'local' (one‑time)
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pvesm set local --content snippets,vztmpl,backup,iso
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# Convert to template
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qm template 999
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```
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Verify:
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```bash
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qm config 999 | grep -E 'template:|agent:|boot:|ide2:|scsi0:'
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```
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### Enable Snippets via GUI
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- Datacenter → Storage → select `local` → Edit → Content → check "Snippets" → OK
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- Ensure `/var/lib/vz/snippets/` exists on the node for snippet files
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- Template page → Cloud‑Init → Snippet Storage: `local` → File: your yml → Apply
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## Configure this template
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Edit `terraform.tfvars` with your environment:
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```hcl
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# Proxmox API
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proxmox_api_url = "https://<PVE_HOST>:8006/api2/json"
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proxmox_api_token_id = "<USER@REALM>!<TOKEN>"
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proxmox_api_token_secret = "<SECRET>"
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# SSH to the node (for snippet upload)
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proxmox_host = "<PVE_HOST>"
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proxmox_password = "<NODE_ROOT_OR_SUDO_PASSWORD>"
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proxmox_ssh_user = "root"
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# Infra defaults
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proxmox_node = "pve"
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disk_storage = "local-lvm"
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snippet_storage = "local"
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bridge = "vmbr0"
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vlan = 0
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clone_template_vmid = 999
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```
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### Variables (terraform.tfvars)
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- These values are standard Terraform variables that the template reads at apply time.
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- Place secrets (e.g., `proxmox_api_token_secret`, `proxmox_password`) in `terraform.tfvars` or inject with environment variables using `TF_VAR_*` (e.g., `TF_VAR_proxmox_api_token_secret`).
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- You can also override with `-var`/`-var-file` if you run Terraform directly. With Coder, the repo's `terraform.tfvars` is bundled when pushing the template.
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Variables expected:
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- `proxmox_api_url`, `proxmox_api_token_id`, `proxmox_api_token_secret` (sensitive)
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- `proxmox_host`, `proxmox_password` (sensitive), `proxmox_ssh_user`
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- `proxmox_node`, `disk_storage`, `snippet_storage`, `bridge`, `vlan`, `clone_template_vmid`
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- Coder parameters: `cpu_cores`, `memory_mb`, `disk_size_gb`
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## Proxmox API Token (GUI/CLI)
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Docs: https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/User_Management#pveum_tokens
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GUI:
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1. (Optional) Create automation user: Datacenter → Permissions → Users → Add (e.g., `terraform@pve`)
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2. Permissions: Datacenter → Permissions → Add → User Permission
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- Path: `/` (or narrower covering your nodes/storages)
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- Role: `PVEVMAdmin` + `PVEStorageAdmin` (or `PVEAdmin` for simplicity)
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3. Token: Datacenter → Permissions → API Tokens → Add → copy Token ID and Secret
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4. Test:
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```bash
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curl -k -H "Authorization: PVEAPIToken=<USER@REALM>!<TOKEN>=<SECRET>" \
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https:// < PVE_HOST > :8006/api2/json/version
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```
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CLI:
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```bash
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pveum user add terraform@pve --comment 'Terraform automation user'
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pveum aclmod / -user terraform@pve -role PVEAdmin
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pveum user token add terraform@pve terraform --privsep 0
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```
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## Use
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```bash
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# From this directory
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coder templates push --yes proxmox-cloudinit --directory . | cat
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```
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Create a workspace from the template in the Coder UI. First boot usually takes 60–120s while cloud‑init runs.
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## How it works
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- Uploads rendered cloud‑init user‑data to `<storage>:snippets/<vm>.yml` via the provider's `proxmox_virtual_environment_file`
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- VM config: `virtio-scsi-pci`, boot order `scsi0, ide2, net0`, QGA enabled
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- Linux user equals Coder workspace owner (sanitized). To avoid collisions, reserved names (`admin`, `root`, etc.) get a suffix (e.g., `admin1`). User is created with `primary_group: adm`, `groups: [sudo]`, `no_user_group: true`
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- systemd service runs as that user:
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- `coder-agent.service`
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## Troubleshooting quick hits
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- iPXE boot loop: ensure template has bootable root disk and boot order `scsi0,ide2,net0`
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- QGA not responding: install/enable QGA in template; allow 60–120s on first boot
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- Snippet upload errors: storage must include `Snippets`; token needs Datastore permissions; path format `<storage>:snippets/<file>` handled by provider
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- Permissions errors: ensure the token's role covers the target node(s) and storages
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- Verify snippet/QGA: `qm config <vmid> | egrep 'cicustom|ide2|ciuser'`
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## References
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- Ubuntu Cloud Images (latest): https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/ ([source](https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/))
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- Proxmox qm(1) manual: https://pve.proxmox.com/pve-docs/qm.1.html
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- Proxmox Cloud‑Init Support: https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Cloud-Init_Support
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- Terraform Proxmox provider (bpg): `bpg/proxmox` on the Terraform Registry
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- Coder – Best practices & templates:
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- https://coder.com/docs/tutorials/best-practices/speed-up-templates
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- https://coder.com/docs/tutorials/template-from-scratch
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